Chapter 5 Eminent Judgment - Captivity for Israel - Read 5:1-7
Verse 7: explains the vineyard as the nation of Israel - Judah who remained with the house of David after Solomon - remained a notion much longed than the northern kingdom - Judah was more willing to repent and return to The LORD. Read John 15:1-8
Verse1-2: God chose the descendents of Abraham out of all the families on the Earth to bless, He pulled them out of Egypt and led them through to wilderness to a land flowing with milk and honey with clusters of grapes so large it took two men to carry. He had built a fence around the nation of Israel that their enemies could not penetrate.
Verse 2; Israel is likened to a vineyard planted to produce grapes to be crushed to yield the wine - the fruit of the vine - but the vineyard brought forth wild grapes unfit to be used by the wellbeloved.
Verse 3-4: The Lord now requires of Judah and Jerusalem to tell God what He could have done to Israel bring them back - the answer of course was nothing. In spite of all God did to chasten Israel the always brought forth worthless fruit
Verses 5-6: the outcome of Israel’s hard heartedness - God was going to take away the fence, the hedge and allow their enemies to swallow them up and the precious vineyard of The Lord will become a dry, barren wasteland. Ch 36:19-21
Verse 7: Judah here is called The pleasant plant of His vineyard. When the nation of Israel was divided the northern Kingdom called Israel was corrupt from the start they chose their own kingly line not of David. The set of two placed for false worship - they immediately chose to reject God's law His Word.

Judah (Judah, Benjamin & Levi chose the royal line of David and the only true place of sacrifice the temple in Jerusalem as God had commanded. They were like a new plant planted in the vineyard to replace the decaying vine that was now producing sour, corrupted grapes. Their decision to remain true to His Word, His Law was pleasing the The LORD

God wanted His people to be honest in their dealings with one another but the poor and fatherless were oppressed, instead of righteous dealing the cry of the oppresses would be heard.
Israel always confused God’s chastening as Him holding them down, His call for righteousness brought a cry of being put upon and burdened with service.( Malachi 3:13-15)

In John 15:1-8 The way the apostles were to give glory to the Father was through fruit bearing
In Isaiah 5:1-2 Israel was to produce fruit that could was able to be used to produce wine
But Israel always produced wild grapes - worthless fruit
Jesus was rejected and hated by His people. He knew Israel would continue to produce wild grapes unfit for service. He could have no pleasure in them and what they produced. There was no sin in Him and He could not work through a sinful, gainsaying people.
Mat 26:29; Mark 14:25; Luke 22:18 - It is interesting that at the supper with the apostles Jesus used the fruit of the vine something He would not be able to partake until He is with them in the(1000 year) kingdom.
Could it be that he will not enjoy the Israelites until they come back to Him during the Kingdom?

Next week The woes of Chapter 5